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【目的】分析不同越橘品种在新疆干旱条件下的光合生理响应,筛选适应干旱气候条件的越橘品种,为新疆越橘产业发展提供参考依据。【方法】设对照(CK)、轻度干旱、中度干旱和重度干旱4个土壤干旱胁迫梯度(绝对水含量分别为25.00%、20.00%、15.00%和10.00%)盆栽北陆、美登、北春、奇伯瓦和瑞卡5个越橘品种,测定其叶片光合参数及生理指标,分析其抗旱能力。【结果】随着干旱胁迫的加剧,各品种叶片光合参数中的净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)及气孔导度(Gs)均逐渐降低,其中北陆、美登、奇伯瓦和瑞卡叶片的Pn出现负值,且与CK差异极显著(P<0.01,下同);美登、北春、奇伯瓦和瑞卡叶片的Tr极显著低于CK;5个越橘品种叶片的Gs排序为北春>瑞卡>奇伯瓦=美登>北陆,极显著低于CK;叶片的胞间CO2浓度(Ci)均呈上升趋势,除北春外均极显著高于CK,其中北春叶片的Ci上升较慢,北陆叶片的Ci上升最快;水分利用率(WUE)除北春叶片外其余4个品种均下降至负值,均极显著低于CK。随着干旱胁迫的增强,各生理指标中瑞卡叶片的叶绿素含量比CK提高,奇伯瓦比CK下降,二者变幅较小;各品种可溶性糖含量呈缓慢上升趋势;美登、北春和奇伯瓦叶片的相对电导率比其余品种提高较快;各品种叶片的丙二醛(MDA)含量呈先下降后上升变化趋势。【结论】奇伯瓦、美登和北春3个越橘品种能耐较高程度干旱胁迫,耐旱性能明显优于北陆和瑞卡,可在新疆进行设施和盆栽推广种植。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to analyze the photosynthetic physiological responses of different bilberry cultivars under drought conditions in Xinjiang and to screen the bilberry cultivars adapted to the arid climatic conditions to provide references for the development of Xinjiang cranberry industry. 【Method】 Four soil drought stress gradients, CK (CK), mild drought, moderate drought and severe drought, were planted in pots of Hokuriku, Medellin, North Spring, Qi Bo Wa and Rica five bilberry varieties, measured leaf photosynthetic parameters and physiological indicators, analysis of its drought resistance. 【Result】 With the aggravation of drought stress, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr) and stomatal conductance (Gs) of photosynthetic parameters of all varieties decreased gradually. Among them, Hokuriku, Medellin, Trichoderma harzianum, Trichosanthes kerumbawa and Rica leaves were significantly lower than that of CK (P <0.01, the same below) The Gs sequences of the leaves of cultivars were north spring> Rica> Qi Bova = Midden> Hokuriku, which were significantly lower than CK; the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) of leaves showed an increasing trend except for North Spring In CK, the Ci of North Spring leaves increased slowly and the Ci of North China leaves increased most rapidly. The WUE decreased to negative values except for North Spring leaves, which were all significantly lower than those of CK. With the increase of drought stress, the chlorophyll content of Rica leaves was higher than that of CK and the amplitude of CK was lower than that of CK. The soluble sugar content of all varieties showed a slowly increasing trend. And Kimberva leaves increased faster than the other varieties. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in leaves of all varieties decreased firstly and then increased and then changed. 【Conclusion】 The three bilberry cultivars in Chibowa, Medellin and North Spring are tolerant to higher drought stress and have better drought tolerance than Hokuriku and Rika. They can be used for planting and pot planting in Xinjiang.