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目的研究广东桑Morus atropurpurea叶的化学成分和生物活性。方法采用硅胶、ODS、Sephadex LH-20及HPLC等柱色谱技术进行分离纯化,根据波谱数据及理化性质鉴定化合物结构;采用pNP法测定了多羟基生物碱类化合物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用。结果从广东桑叶乙醇提取物中分离得到了18个化合物,分别鉴定为l-脱氧野尻霉素(1)、fagomine(2)、胞苷(3)、2-(1′,2′,3′,4′-四羟基丁基)-5-(2″,3″,4″-三羟基丁基)-吡嗪(4)、2-(1′,2′,3′,4′-四羟基丁基)-6-(2″,3″,4″-三羟基丁基)-吡嗪(5)、2-(1′,2′,3′,4′-四羟基丁基)-5-(1″,2″,3″,4″-四羟基丁基)-吡嗪(6)、槲皮素3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(7)、山柰酚3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(8)、山柰酚3-O-β-D-芸香糖苷(9)、菊苣苷(10)、roseoside(11)、植醇(12)、伞形花内酯(13)、3-醛基吲哚(14)、咖啡酸乙酯(15)、蔗糖(16)、β-谷甾醇(17)、胡萝卜苷(18)。结论化合物5、6、14、15为首次从桑属植物中分离得到,化合物3、4、7～13、16为首次从该植物中分离得到。化合物1～6具有一定的抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性。
Objective To study the chemical constituents and bioactivities of Morus atropurpurea leaves. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 and HPLC. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data and physical and chemical properties. The inhibitory effect of polyhydroxy alkaloids on α-glucosidase was determined by pNP method . Results Eighteen compounds were isolated from the ethanol extracts of mulberry leaves of Guangdong and identified as l-deoxynojirimycin (1), fagomine (2), cytidine (3), 2- (1 ’, 2’, 3 (4 ’), 2- (1’, 2 ’, 3’, 4 ’-dihydroxybutyl) -5- (4 ’’ - trihydroxybutyl) -pyrazine (5), 2- (1 ’, 2’, 3 ’, 4’- tetrahydroxybutyl) (6), quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucoside (7), kaempferol 3- (1 “, 2”, 3 “, 4” -tetrahydroxybutyl) O-β-D-glucoside (8), kaempferol 3-O-β-D-rutinoside (9), cichoridin (10), roseoside (11) Ester (13), 3-aldehydeindole (14), caffeic acid ethyl ester (15), sucrose (16), β-sitosterol (17), daucosterol (18). Conclusion Compounds 5, 6, 14, and 15 were isolated from Morus for the first time. Compounds 3, 4, 7-13, 16 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Compounds 1 to 6 have a certain activity of inhibiting α-glucosidase.