在长达两千五百年的儒学发展史上,魏晋南北朝是一个值得深入考察的阶段。这个时期,儒学受各种思潮的冲击,不再能垄断思想界,但仍保持着优越的地位。它历经激烈的争辩而有所发展,在政治上起着重要的作用。儒学极盛于东汉。伴随着东汉王朝的土崩瓦解,学者们崇尚刑名家的法术,“竞以儒家为迂阔不周世用”(《魏志·杜畿传》)。然而,大 In the history of Confucianism up to two and a half centuries, the Wei, Jin and the Southern and Northern Dynasties are a period worthy of thorough investigation. During this period, Confucianism was no longer monopolized by the impact of various thoughts, but maintained its superior position. Its development has been fiercely debated and plays an important political role. Confucianism flourished in the Eastern Han Dynasty. With the disintegration of the Eastern Han Dynasty, scholars advocated the famous spell, “competing with Confucianism for anarchy” (“Biography of Wei Chih Tung”). However, big