论文部分内容阅读
巴赫金与乔姆斯基都是索绪尔遗产的继承人,但都从不同方面对其语言哲学思想进行了批判。巴赫金赞同索绪尔的社会语言符号观,但认为语言学的第一性事实是具体的“言语”而非抽象的“语言”;乔姆斯基在索绪尔启发下做出了“语言能力”与“语言运用”的二元划分,但选择从自然性个人视角来观察语言,认为生成语法所刻画的语言器官的特定状态才是语言学的第一性事实。从策略上看,巴赫金是在批判中继承了索绪尔,而乔姆斯基则是在继承中批判了索绪尔。二者对于索绪尔的不同解读,既与他们构建自身理论的需要有关,又是索绪尔“社会―心理”语言理论框架的开放性所导致的必然结果。
Both Bakhtin and Chomsky are the heirs of Saussure’s inheritance, but all criticize their linguistic philosophy from different aspects. Bakhtin favors Saussure’s social linguistic notion, but believes that the first facts of linguistics are specific “language ” rather than abstract “language ”; Chomsky inspired by Saussure However, we choose to look at the language from a personal perspective of naturality, and think that the specific state of the linguistic organ portrayed by the generated grammar is the primacy of linguistics fact. Strategically, Bakhtin inherited Saussure in criticism while Chomsky criticized Saussure in his inheritance. Their different interpretations of Saussure are both related to their need to build their own theory and the inevitable result of the openness of the Saussure ’s theory of social-psychological language.