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引 言 “兼语句”是汉语语法学中一个很有特色的概念,也是一个至今争议颇大的问题。对“兼语句”提法,语法界存在着肯定与否定两种尖锐对立的态度。在持肯定态度的学者中,在兼语句的范围、兼语句与小句作宾语以及双宾句的区别等问题上也还有不同的见解。在持否定态度的学者中,对在句法分析中如何处理这种结构也存在着相当分歧的意见。认识的分歧、态度的对立反映了问题的复杂性和特殊性,也说明对这个问题有必要继续进行深入讨论。 我们所作的这项实验,目的在于用心理实验的方法,考察儿童习得这种句法结构的过程和特点。实验所涉及的,只限于通常意义上最典型的“兼语句”,即包含V_1+N+V_2结构且V_1是具有使令意义的“叫、让”的句子。因此,这项实验不是对汉语兼语句问题的系统研究。
Introduction “And the sentence” is a very distinctive concept in Chinese grammar, but also a controversial issue. There are two sharp and opposite attitudes towards affirming and negating the reference of “concurrent sentence” and grammar circle. Among the scholars who hold a positive attitude, there are still different opinions on the scope of concurrent sentences, the difference between concurrent sentences and small sentences as objects, and the differences between double-object sentences. In scholars with negative attitudes, there is also considerable disagreement as to how this structure should be dealt with in syntactic analysis. The differences between understanding and attitude reflect the complexity and particularity of the problem, and it is necessary to continue the in-depth discussion on this issue. The purpose of this experiment, which we did, is to examine the process and characteristics of this syntactic structure of children’s acquisition by means of psychological experiments. The experiment involves only the most typical “concurrent sentences” in the usual sense, that is, it contains V_1 + N + V_2 structures and V_1 is a sentence with “make, make” meaning. Therefore, this experiment is not a systematic study of Chinese-sentence questions.