肺栓塞是以各种栓子阻塞肺动脉系统为其发病原因的一组疾病或临床综合征的总称,包括肺血栓栓塞症(PTE)、脂肪栓塞综合征、羊水栓塞、空气栓塞。其中PTE在威胁人类生命的疾病中成为继肿瘤和心血管疾病之后的第3位致死性疾病[1]。本病发病率高,症状无特异性,且临床确诊又需特殊检查技术,所以本病漏诊误诊率高达70%～80%,尤其基层医院更为突出。 Pulmonary embolism is a general term for a group of diseases or clinical syndromes that cause pulmonary embolism to block the pulmonary artery system with various emboli, including pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), fat embolism syndrome, amniotic fluid embolism, and air embolism. Among them, PTE is the third most lethal disease after cancer and cardiovascular disease in diseases that threaten human life [1]. The high incidence of this disease, the symptoms of non-specific, and the clinical diagnosis also need special inspection techniques, misdiagnosis rate of the disease as high as 70% to 80%, especially the grass-roots hospitals are more prominent.