国民营养与健康状况是反映一个国家或者地区经济与社会发展、卫生保健水平和人口素质的重要指标。良好的营养和健康状况既是社会经济发展的基础,也是社会经济发展的目标。随着国民经济的持续快速发展,我国城乡居民的膳食、营养状况有了明显改善,但仍面临着营养缺乏与营养结构失衡的双重挑 National nutrition and health status is an important indicator of economic and social development, health care level and quality of population in a country or region. Good nutrition and health are not only the basis of socio-economic development but also the goal of socio-economic development. With the sustained and rapid development of the national economy, the dietary and nutritional status of urban and rural residents in China have been significantly improved. However, they still face the dual challenges of nutritional deficiencies and structural imbalances in nutrition