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塞音的清浊对立主要是由于声门中声带活动的不同,然而由于发音协调机制的存在,声门活动需要与声门上各发音器官之间进行配合与协调。文章调查上海话清塞音、浊塞音与“清音浊流”的口腔内发音器官运动。超声实验结果表明,在词中位置时,上海话浊塞音的舌后部比不送气清塞音的位置更靠前。说明发浊塞音时舌体后部向前运动以增大声道后腔体积,这样有利于保持相对较大的声门上下气压比例差,维持声带振动。在词起首位置时,“清音浊流”与不送气清音的舌形没有明显区别,因为两者在持阻阶段声带都不振动,不需要有声门上下气压差,因此声道后腔体积没有变化。最后,送气清音与不送气清音的舌形也没有明显区别。
The obscuration of voiced voices in the consonants is mainly due to the different vocal cords in the glottis. However, due to the existence of vocal coordination mechanisms, glottis activities need to coordinate and coordinate with the vowel organs. The article investigates Shanghai dialect sound, voiced plug sound and “voiceless turbidity ” oral organ sound movement. The results of the ultrasound experiments show that the posterior part of the voiced plugged speech of the Shanghai dialect is located more forward than the non-aspirated stuffed sera when in the word position. Explain the voiced plug when the tongue forward movement of the posterior part to increase the volume of the posterior cavity of the lumen, which is conducive to maintaining a relatively large proportion of the upper and lower glottis pressure ratio to maintain vocal cord vibration. In the first position of the word, there is no obvious difference between the “voiceless voice flow” and the tongue shape of the unaspirated voiceless voice because both the vocal cords do not vibrate during the hold-up phase and the pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of the voice gate is not required. Therefore, No change in volume. Finally, there is no significant difference between the air-intakes and the non-air-purifying tongues.