同分异构现象通常可分为构造异构和立体异构两大类。构造异构是指化合物中原子间成键方式与结合次序不同而引起的异构。立体异构是指分子构造相同但原子或原子团在空间排布方式(即构型)不同而引起的异构现象。大多数无机物的结构单一,所以无机物的同分异构现象仅在多硅酸等多聚合氧酸与配位化合物(又称络合物)中较为常见。例1 下列各组物质中,两者互为同分异构体的是() Isomerism can generally be divided into two major structural and stereoisomeric isomerism. Structural isomerism refers to isomerism caused by different bonding modes and bonding orders among atoms in a compound. Stereoisomeric refers to the phenomenon of isomerism caused by the same molecular structure but different arrangements of atoms or atom groups in the space (ie configuration). Most inorganic materials have a single structure, so the isomeric phenomenon of inorganic substances is common only in polyoxo acids such as polysilicic acid and coordination compounds (also known as complexes). Example 1 In the following groups of substances, the two are isomers of each other ()