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目的 研究促凋亡基因bax在人肝细胞癌 (HCC)中的表达及其意义。方法 采用免疫组织化学和原位杂交方法检测石蜡包埋的人HCC标本中促凋亡基因bax的表达。结果 在免疫组织化学检测的 40例人HCC中 ,bax阳性 19例 ;14例肝硬变组织中 ,bax阳性 11例 ;bax在HCC中的表达低于肝硬变 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;高、中分化型HCC的bax表达高于低分化型 ,而且AFP≤ 40 0 μg/L的患者bax表达高于AFP >40 0 μg/L的患者 ,HCC临床分期为 Ⅰ～Ⅱ期者明显高于Ⅲ期者 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ;但在不同性别和不同年龄组 (>6 0岁与≤ 6 0岁 )患者之间则无显著性差异 (均P >0 .0 5 )。原位杂交证实 ,baxmRNA在HCC中的阳性率与免疫组织化学检测结果无显著性差异。结论 促凋亡基因bax在HCC中的表达对肝癌细胞的凋亡起调节作用 ,并与HCC分化程度、临床分期、AFP水平有关
Objective To study the expression and significance of the proapoptotic gene bax in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were used to detect the expression of pro-apoptotic gene bax in paraffin-embedded human HCC specimens. Results Among 40 cases of human HCC detected by immunohistochemistry, 19 were bax-positive; 14 were hepatocirrhosis, and 11 were bax-positive; the expression of bax in HCC was lower than that in cirrhosis (P < 0.05). The expression of bax was higher in high and moderately differentiated HCC than in poorly differentiated patients, and the expression of bax in patients with AFP ≤ 40 μg/L was higher than those in patients with AFP > 40 μg/L. It was higher in patients with stage III (P <0.05 or P <0.01), but there was no significant difference between patients of different genders and different age groups (>60 years old and <60 years old). P >0 .0 5 ). In situ hybridization confirmed that the positive rate of bax mRNA in HCC was not significantly different from that detected by immunohistochemistry. Conclusion The expression of pro-apoptosis gene bax in HCC plays an important role in the apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and is related to the degree of differentiation of HCC, clinical stage and AFP level.