临床上较常用的抗生素中已证实至少有十多种——链霉素、新霉素、卡那霉素、庆大霉素、氯霉素、紫霉素、粘菌素、多粘菌素B、春雷霉素、万古霉素、巴龙霉素、杆菌肽以及新生霉素等在全身应用和局部应用时(如气雾吸入和用于烧伤创面等)具有耳毒性,其中最重要的是氨基甙类抗生素;由于它们在化学结构、药理学、微生物学以及毒性方面十分相似,因而引起的耳毒性反应也相似。一些临床学者已将它们局部用于耳部以治疗或预防一些对全身应用抗生素无明显效果的疾病,如中耳和乳突术后的慢性感染、慢性顽固性中耳炎以及慢性顽固性外耳道炎。最常用的耳局部用制剂是新霉素、庆大霉素、氯霉素、多粘菌素B、粘菌素以及杆菌肽等。最近10余年,国内外文献均有不少耳局部应 More clinically used antibiotics have been confirmed in at least a dozen - streptomycin, neomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, viomycin, colistin, polymyxin B, kasugamycin, vancomycin, paromomycin, bacitracin, and novobiocin have ototoxicity during systemic and topical application (such as aerosol inhalation and burn wounds), the most important being Aminoglycosides; the similar ototoxicity caused by their similarity in chemical structure, pharmacology, microbiology and toxicity. Some clinicians have applied topically to the ear to treat or prevent some diseases that have no significant effect on the systemic use of antibiotics, such as chronic infections after middle ear and mastoid surgery, chronic otitis media with otitis media, and chronic otitis media with otitis media. The most commonly used auricular preparations are neomycin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, polymyxin B, colistin, and bacitracin. In the recent 10 years, many domestic and foreign literatures have been reported