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我们这项研究旨在寻求一种能够避免组织移植和人工材料的缺点，又能获得自体组织移植相同的效果的移植材料。选用１０只纯种新西兰大耳白兔，异体兔耳软骨细胞外基质（ＥＣＭ）。兔耳软骨缺损分别以下列四组方式修复：①兔耳软骨ＥＣＭ＋兔耳软骨骨膜，②兔耳软骨ＥＣＭ，③兔耳软骨膜，④空白。术后６、１２、２４、４８周分别切取修复区域标本，做ＨＥ、奥新蓝两种染色。结果显示，ＥＣＭ植入体内后６周有轻度的炎症反应，术后１２周炎症异物反应消失，ＥＣＭ周边无包裹现象，术后１２周骨膜细胞长入ＥＣＭ，但细胞排列不规则。术后２４周、４８周ＥＣＭ仍然存在，无吸收现象，软骨膜与ＥＣＭ覆着处细胞长入ＥＣＭ，排列较１２周时规则，呈奥新蓝反应强阳性。结论：①ＮＥＣＭ可以作为组织充填物而长期存在并有较好的组织亲和性和相容性，因此有希望成为新一代的组织替代物。②ＮＥＣＭ可以诱导软骨膜细胞向其中生长而重建软骨，因此软骨ＮＥＣＭ有可能是复合生长因子。③软骨膜可以作为软骨ＮＥＣＭ复制软骨组织的细胞来源。④根据本实验观察一年的结果证明应用兔耳软骨ＥＣＭ，可以复制出新的软骨。
Our study aimed to find a graft material that would avoid the disadvantages of tissue and artificial materials and achieve the same effect of autologous tissue transplants. Ten purebred New Zealand rabbits were used, and allogeneic rabbit ear cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) was selected. Rabbit ear cartilage defects were repaired with the following four groups: ① rabbit ear cartilage ECM + rabbit ear cartilage periosteum, ② rabbit ear cartilage ECM, ③ rabbit ear cartilage, ④ blank. At 6, 12, 24, 48 weeks after operation, the specimens of the repaired area were respectively taken for HE staining and Aoxin blue staining. The results showed that there was slight inflammatory reaction at 6 weeks after ECM implantation. No inflammatory foreign body reaction disappeared 12 weeks after ECM implantation. There was no surrounding ECM. Periosteal cells grew into ECM at 12 weeks after operation, but the cells arranged irregularly. After 24 weeks and 48 weeks, the ECM still existed and no absorption occurred. The peritoneal and ECM cells grew into the ECM. The arrangement was more regular than that at 12 weeks. Conclusion: ①NECM can be used as tissue filling for a long time and has good tissue affinity and compatibility, so it is promising to become a new generation of tissue substitutes. ② NECM can induce perichondrocytes to grow and rebuild cartilage, cartilage NECM may be a composite growth factor. ③ cartilage can be used as a cartilage NECM replication of cartilage tissue cells. ④ According to the results of this experiment to observe the year shows that the application of rabbit ear cartilage ECM, you can copy a new cartilage.