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本文从法理学的角度出发,以利益平衡为主线,分析了分析新闻自由与名誉权的利益基础,根据权利主体、利益基础的不同,将名誉权划分为普通个人享有的名誉权、政府官员享有的名誉权、公众人物享有的名誉权。在三对冲突中,第一对冲突应向普通个人名誉权倾斜保护,后两对冲突中应向新闻自由倾斜保护;在具体法律制度的设计中,这种倾斜保护主要体现在归责原则和举证责任制度中。
From the perspective of jurisprudence, taking the balance of interests as the main line, this article analyzes the basis for the analysis of the freedom of the press and the right of reputation, divides the right of reputation into the right of reputation enjoyed by ordinary individuals according to the different subjects of rights and benefits, The right of reputation, the reputation of public figures. Among the three pairs of conflicts, the first pair of conflicts should be inclined to the protection of the reputation of ordinary individuals, and the latter two pairs of conflicts should be protected from the freedom of the press. In the design of a specific legal system, this tilt protection mainly manifests itself in the principle of attribution and The burden of proof system.