东汉灵帝初年,长期困扰中原王朝的平羌战事基本上结束了。西羌、东羌的势力相继衰微,一时无力抵御王师的围剿讨伐,先后投降归顺了。但是,大军连年屯结陇上,对于起事叛乱的羌人采取残酷屠戮的方略,在当时就有一些有识之士提出过批评;到了宋代,大史学家司马光发表了颇有见地的评论,他分析说:“夫蛮夷戎狄,气类虽殊,其就利避害,乐生恶死,亦与人同耳。御之得其道则附顺服从,失其道则离叛侵扰,固其宜也。……若 In the early years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Emperor Ping and Qiang, long troubling the Central Plains dynasty, basically ended. Western Qiang, Dong Qiang forces have declined, sometimes unable to resist the siege of the imperialist crusade, has surrendered one after another. However, with the strategy of brutally killing the Qiangs who rebel in the rebellion, there were some people of insight who made criticisms at that time. In the Song Dynasty, the great historian Sima Guang made quite insightful comments , He said: "When the barbarians are righteous, the gas is different, and their advantages and disadvantages avoid harm to life and death, and also share the same with others. , Its solid should also ... ... if