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许昌市自1990年起实行了5岁以下儿童死亡报告制度.即每月各级医院预防保健科上报1次儿童死亡卡。笔者对城区近3年的5岁以下儿童死亡情况进行了分析,结果;婴儿死亡率12.53‰,0.5岁以下儿童死亡率13.03‰,新儿生死亡率10.72‰。出生窒息、肺炎、早产、畸形是我市儿童死亡的主要原因。因新生儿疾病死亡的107例,占全部死亡儿童的82.3％,而这些新生儿疾病与胎儿宫内发育迟缓、高危妊娠、分娩方式、产科质量等相关。提示今后要以提高围产期保健质量为重点,加强新生儿保健,开展围产保健质量评审。推广ARI防治技术,做好儿童保健系统管理。
Xuchang City has implemented the system of reporting of deaths of children under 5 years of age since 1990. That is, monthly child deaths cards are reported to the preventive and health departments of hospitals at all levels every month. The author analyzed the death of children under 5 years of age in the urban area in the recent 3 years. As a result, the infant mortality rate was 12.53 ‰, the death rate of children under 0.5 years old was 13.03 ‰, and the newborn child mortality rate was 10.72 ‰. Birth asphyxia, pneumonia, prematurity, deformity is the main reason for the death of children in our city. 107 cases of neonatal deaths, accounting for 82.3% of all deaths, and these neonatal diseases and fetal intrauterine growth retardation, high-risk pregnancy, mode of delivery, obstetric quality and so on. Prompted in the future to improve the quality of perinatal care as the focus, to strengthen neonatal care, carry out the quality of perinatal care review. Promote ARI prevention and cure technology and do child health care system management.