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在对化学性质或物理性质相似的混合物各组分进行分析时,分析工作者通常面临着如何有效地消除其余组分的干扰问题。根据消除干扰方式的不同,解决此类问题的方法可分两大类:一是改变溶液平衡条件,使除欲分析组分有关的反应外,其它反应均处于热力学不利状态;另一是利用混合物各组分反应速率的差别(必要时改变实验条件,以扩大该差别),使与欲分析组分有关的反应与其它反应相区分开。前者系热力学分析法,而后者系动力学分析法。
When analyzing components of a mixture of similar chemical or physical properties, analysts often face the problem of how to effectively eliminate the interference of the remaining components. According to the different ways to eliminate interference, the ways to solve such problems can be divided into two categories: one is to change the solution equilibrium conditions, so that in addition to the analysis of the components of the reaction, the other reactions are in a thermodynamic adverse state; the other is the use of the mixture The difference in the reaction rates of the individual components (changing the experimental conditions, if necessary, to widen the difference) separates the reaction related to the component to be analyzed from the other reactions. The former is thermodynamic analysis, while the latter is kinetic analysis.