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论述深开挖有限元分析中释放荷载的三种模拟方法———Ｍａｎａ法、单元应力内插法和位移法．通过实例对比分析指出：位移法精度最高，但程序处理较繁琐；单元应力内插法计算效果最差，编程也不方便；Ｍａｎａ法概念明确，易于程序处理，但第一级开挖荷载偏大，以致影响以后各级的计算效果．文中对Ｍａｎａ法改进后，计算精度明显提高．
Three simulation methods for releasing loads in deep excavation finite element analysis are discussed: Mana method, element stress interpolation method and displacement method. Through comparative analysis of examples, it is pointed out that the displacement method has the highest accuracy, but the program processing is cumbersome; the element stress interpolation method has the worst calculation effect and the programming is inconvenient; the Mana method has a clear concept and is easy to process, but the first-stage excavation load is large. So as to affect the calculation effect of the subsequent levels. In the paper, the Mana method is improved and the calculation accuracy is obviously improved.