十二指肠溃疡是最常见的溃疡疾病。胃酸是十二指肠溃疡形成的必要因素(“无酸则无溃疡”),有些病人胃酸分泌亢进,胃酸本身足以促成溃疡。然而,几十年来,人们知道大部分十二指肠溃疡病人分泌正常量的胃酸和胃蛋白酶。尽管这些病人的短期胃酸分泌亢进可能先于溃疡的形成,但这种短暂的分泌亢进现象难以研究和证实。大部分专家认为,除上述机制外,有些病人由于十二指肠粘膜抗酸和胃蛋白酶的缺陷而发生十二指肠溃疡。十二指肠粘膜抗酸和胃蛋白酶的水平因人而异。例如,一些正常人有非常高的胃酸分泌率,但从未患十二指肠溃疡,可能因为他们的十二指肠防御因素足以处理过剩的胃酸。此 Duodenal ulcer is the most common ulcer disease. Gastric acid is a necessary factor in the formation of duodenal ulcers (“acid-free and ulcerous”), and some patients have hypersecretion of gastric acid, which itself is enough to cause ulcers. However, it has been known for decades that most patients with duodenal ulcer secrete normal amounts of gastric acid and pepsin. Although short-term hypersecretion of gastric acid may be preceded by ulceration in these patients, this transient hyperthyroidism is difficult to study and to confirm. Most experts believe that in addition to the above mechanisms, some patients develop duodenal ulcers due to defects in duodenal mucosal acid resistance and pepsin. Duodenal mucosal acid and pepsin levels vary. For example, some normal people have a very high gastric acid secretion rate but never have duodenal ulcers, probably because of their duodenal defenses enough to handle excess stomach acid. this