小引对于历史记忆,文学书写与历史书写,哪种更为真切,学界仍在争论。不说海登·怀特把文学叙事与历史叙事模糊化的极端走向,亨利·詹姆斯也早就直言:“正如图画之为现实,小说就是历史。这就是我们可以为小说所作的唯一的(对它公道的)概括性的描述。”[1]而关于中国的小说与历史的关系,因着历史叙事往往有过多的外界力量干涉,“真实”往 Small cited For historical memory, literary writing and historical writing, which is more real, academic circles are still debating. Not to mention Hayden White’s extreme tendency to obscure literary narratives and historical narratives, Henry James also bluntly: “Just as the picture is a reality, the novel is history, and that’s the only thing we can do for the novel It is fair). ”[1] And on the relationship between Chinese novels and history, because of historical narratives often have too many external forces to interfere, “ real ”to