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本文用3个不育系与10个恢复系为供试材料,组成3×10NCⅡ交配设计,对三系杂交稻谷粒性状进行了遗传分析.其结果,谷粒长、宽、长/宽和千粒重等四个性状均为加性基因效应起主导作用;谷粒的长/宽主要受母本(不育系)的影响.父本(恢复系)影响极小,来达显著水平;粒长、宽和千粒重三性状同时受父母本的影响,而且其影响均达极显著水平;粒长、宽和千粒重都有很高的广义遗传力,其狭义遗传力也较高,分别为78.70%,89.53%和86.46%.相关分析结果,粒长与长/宽,千粒重与粒宽之间均呈极显著正相关;长/宽与粒宽和千粒重均呈极显著负相关;粒长与粒宽和千粒重之间相关不显著.通径分析表明,粒长、宽和千粒重对长/宽的直接通径系数分别为0.4881、—0.7477和—0.0793;千粒重通过粒长、宽两性状的间接通径系数达0.1266和—0.5630.文中提出了培育粒形较好(长:宽比值大于3)的高产强优杂交稻的途径.
In this paper, three lines of male sterile lines and 10 lines of restorer lines were used as experimental materials to make 3 × 10 NC Ⅱ mating designs, and genetic analysis was conducted on the grain traits of three-line hybrid rice.The results showed that grain length, width, length / width and 1000-grain weight And other four traits all play a leading role in additive gene effect.The grain length / width was mainly affected by the female parent (male sterile line) .The influence of male parent (restorer line) was minimal and reached a significant level.The grain length, The characters of width and 1000-grain weight were affected by both parents and their effects reached extremely significant levels. Grain length, width and grain weight had a high general heritability and a narrow heritability of 78.70% and 89.53% And 86.46%, respectively.The results of correlation analysis showed that the grain length and length / width, grain weight and grain width had a significant positive correlation, the length / width and grain width and grain weight were extremely significant negative correlation; grain length and grain width and grain weight The path length analysis showed that the direct path coefficients of grain length, breadth and grain weight per length to breadth were 0.4881, -0.7477 and -0.0793, respectively. 0.1266 and -0.5630. In this paper, it is proposed to cultivate a good grain size (long: width ratio greater than 3) high yield Way hybrid rice.