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一、新疆盐碱土改良的意义及其 基本经验 新疆地处大陆腹地,雨量稀少,气候干燥,使新疆平原区的土壤普遍有不同程度的盐碱化,据统计资料,新疆可垦荒地1.59亿亩,其中就有1亿多亩不同程度的盐碱化,而难以改良利用的占3,700多万亩,这对扩大耕地面积带来一定困难。在现有的4,700万亩耕地中,约有30％左右受到盐碱的危害,造成欠收或失收,这是新疆粮食平均单产一直上不去的重要原因之一。因此,盐碱土改良工作是新疆农业生产一项突出而重要的工作,必须十分重视。
First, the significance of Xinjiang’s salinization soil improvement and its basic experience Xinjiang is located in the hinterland of the mainland, rainfall is scarce, the climate is dry, so that the soil in the plain area of Xinjiang are generally different degrees of salinization, according to statistics, 1.59 million mu of reclamation of wasteland in Xinjiang , Of which there are more than 100 million mu of salinization to varying degrees, while over 37 million mu are difficult to be improved and utilized. This poses some difficulties in expanding cultivated land. About 30% of the existing 47 million mu of arable land is harmed by salt and alkali, causing it to be underpaid or lost. This is one of the important reasons why the average grain yield in Xinjiang has not been increased. Therefore, the improvement of saline-alkali soil is an outstanding and important work in Xinjiang’s agricultural production, we must attach great importance.