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目的 分析1989-2014年江西省人群土源性线虫病流行现状和变化趋势,为制定防治对策提供科学依据。方法对1989、2002年和2014年3次全国人体寄生虫病抽样调查的江西省调查数据和资料进行归类分析,调查时采用改良加藤厚涂片法检查土源性线虫感染情况。结果 江西省人群的土源性线虫感染率由1989年的77.67%下降至2014年的6.30%,下降了91.89%,其中蛔虫感染率从71.11%下降到0.87%,下降率为98.78%;鞭虫感染率由29.67%下降至0.95%,下降率为96.80%;钩虫感染率由17.63%下降到4.66%,下降率为73.57%。3次调查土源性线虫女性感染率均高于男性,除2002年和2014年浙闽生态区外,其它生态区土源性线虫女性均高于男性。3次调查各年龄组人群土源性线虫感染率均出现下降的趋势,但随年龄组增大呈下降趋缓现象,<10岁年龄组下降率为97.03%,>70岁年龄组下降率为80.62%。2014年土源性线虫感染人数占肠道寄生虫感染人数的65.4%。结论 江西省各生态区人群土源性线虫平均感染率均呈显著下降趋势,但仍然是肠道寄生虫感染的主要虫种。土源性线虫感染的优势虫种排序已由1989年蛔虫、钩虫和鞭虫转换为2014年钩虫、鞭虫和蛔虫。农村女性和高年龄组人群是目前土源性线虫病防治工作的重点人群,钩虫是防治的重点虫种。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation and trend of soil-borne nematodes in Jiangxi province from 1989 to 2014, and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods The survey data and data of Jiangxi Province from three sampling surveys of human parasites in 1989, 2002 and 2014 in China were classified and analyzed. In the investigation, the improved Kato thick smear method was used to check the soil-borne nematode infection. Results The population infection rate of soil-borne nematodes in Jiangxi province decreased from 77.67% in 1989 to 6.30% in 2014, with a decrease of 91.89%. The infection rate of Ascaris decreased from 71.11% to 0.87% with a decrease rate of 98.78% The infection rate decreased from 29.67% to 0.95%, the rate of decrease was 96.80%. The infection rate of hookworm decreased from 17.63% to 4.66%, the rate of decrease was 73.57%. In three surveys, the infection rate of soil-borne nematodes was higher than that of males. Except for the ecological zone of Zhejiang and Fujian in 2002 and 2014, the females of soil-borne nematodes in other ecological areas were higher than males. In the three surveys, the infection rates of soil-borne nematodes in all age groups tended to decrease, but decreased with the increase of age group. The rate of decline in <10-year-old group was 97.03% and that in> 70-year group was 80.62%. In 2014, the number of soil-borne nematode infections accounted for 65.4% of the total number of intestinal parasitic infections. Conclusion The average infection rate of soil-borne nematodes in all ecological districts in Jiangxi Province showed a significant downward trend, but it was still the main insect species of intestinal parasites. The dominant species of soil-borne nematodes were sequenced from roundworms, hookworms and whipworms in 1989 to hookworms, whipworms and roundworms in 1989. Rural women and the age group are the major population of soil-borne nematode prevention and control, hookworm is the focus of prevention and treatment of insects.