八十年代以来,西方机械工业和其他工业一样,经历了经济形势动荡不定的考验。为了摆脱不景气的困境,西方工业国采取了若干措施,其中很重要的一项就是大规模地对企业实施自动化技术改造,加快调整产品结构,发展高技术,革新经营管理。从近几年的实际情况来看,这些措施收到了一定的效果。以具有代表性的美国为例,1985年机械工业总销售额达650亿美元,比1984年增长3.2％。1986年的情况比1985年 Since the 1980s, the western machinery industry, like other industries, has experienced the turmoil of the economic situation. In order to get rid of the predicament of recession, Western industrial countries have taken a number of measures. One of the most important ones is to implement large-scale industrial automation technology transformation, speed up the adjustment of product structure, develop high technology, and reform operational management. Judging from the actual situation in recent years, these measures have achieved certain results. Taking the representative United States as an example, in 1985, the total sales of the machinery industry reached 65 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 3.2% over 1984. The situation in 1986 is greater than that in 1985