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通过人工模拟降雨试验,对比边坡生态防护中不同施工工艺在3个坡度条件下的侵蚀产沙及降雨前后的养分流失量,探讨了降雨和径流冲刷条件下不同施工工艺的边坡植生层早期水土保持效应。结果表明:不同工艺的植生层结构能够显著影响坡面土壤侵蚀和养分流失,3种防护工艺的水土保持效应表现为纤维丝固土护坡固土植生法>喷混植生>干法喷施。在30°、45°、60°三个坡度下,干法喷施工艺的坡面总侵蚀量为喷混植生的1.53、1.21、1.17倍,为纤维丝固土护坡固土植生的1.69、1.40、1.32倍,证明纤维丝加筋补强植生层的抗侵蚀、抗冲刷能力最强;而3种工艺植生层的养分流失率亦呈现干法喷施>喷混植生>纤维丝固土护坡固土植生,证明纤维丝固土护坡固土植生工艺喷施的植生层在防治养分流失方面明显优于喷混植生和干法喷施工艺;此外,各养分指标的流失率在不同工艺和坡度条件下均呈现碱解N>速效K>有机质>速效P,说明吸附性越强,养分越不易随径流流失或发生淋溶。
By simulating rainfall experiment, the erosion and sediment yield under different slopes in different ecological conditions of slope protection and the nutrient loss before and after rainfall were compared. The effects of rainfall and runoff scouring on the slope vegetation layer in early stage Soil and water conservation effect. The results showed that the vegetation layer structure of different processes could significantly affect slope soil erosion and nutrient loss. The three soil and water conservation effects of soil and water conservation were silt solidified soil revetment method> spraying and planting> dry spraying. At 30 °, 45 ° and 60 °, the total erosion amount of dry-spraying was 1.53, 1.21 and 1.17 times that of spray-mixed planting, which was 1.69 and 1.40 respectively , 1.32 times, which proved that the anti-erosion and anti-erosion ability of fiber layer reinforced and reinforced plantation layer was the strongest. The nutrient loss rate of three kinds of plantation layer also showed dry spraying, The results showed that the vegetative layer sprayed by the solid-earth planting technology with fiber-silt solid-earth slope protection was better than spray-mixed planting and dry-spraying techniques in preventing and controlling nutrient loss. In addition, the loss rate of each nutrient index was significantly different under different conditions of process and slope The results showed that under alkaline conditions, N> available K> organic matter> available P, indicating that the stronger the adsorption, the more difficult the nutrient loss or runoff with runoff.