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目的了解流动人口肺结核患者心理和社会支持需求情况,为有针对性的开展该人群的心理和社会支持工作提供依据。方法采用问卷调查方式,对443例流动人口肺结核患者的一般人口学特征以及心理和社会支持需求等内容进行调查。结果流动人口结核病患者患病后出现担心情绪的比例较多,达到72.5%,恐惧和无所谓态度的比例分别为10.4%和17.1%。与年龄较小患者相比较,年龄较大患者出现担心、恐惧情绪的比例较低,无所谓态度的比例较高。患者患病后更愿意将病情告知家人。大部分患者愿意通过心理咨询或与医务人员交谈的方式减轻心理负担,占54.0%,不同性别组差异有统计学意义。得知患者病情后,家人对患者的态度最好,而其他人群中存在少数歧视患者现象。结论流动人口肺结核患者心理健康水平较差,社会支持程度低。应有针对性、系统性的开展心理和社会支持工作,促进患者心理健康,提高患者治疗依从性。
Objective To understand the psychological and social support needs of migrant patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and to provide a basis for the targeted psychosocial and social support work of this population. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the general demographic characteristics of 443 migrant pulmonary tuberculosis patients and their psychological and social support needs. Results The proportion of migrant TB patients who were worried about the illness was 72.5%, while the proportion of fear and indifference was 10.4% and 17.1% respectively. Compared to younger patients, older patients were more likely to be worried, had lower rates of fear and emotion, and had a higher proportion of indifferent attitudes. Patients are more willing to tell the family after illness. Most patients are willing to reduce the psychological burden through psychological counseling or talking with medical staff, accounting for 54.0%. The differences among different sex groups are statistically significant. After learning of the patient’s condition, the family members have the best attitudes toward the patients, while others have a small number of discriminating patients. Conclusion The floating population has poor mental health status and low level of social support. Psychological and social support should be systematically carried out in a targeted and systematic manner to promote mental health of patients and improve patient compliance with treatment.