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据国际货币基金组织统计,全球每年非法洗钱的数额在6000亿到1.8万亿美元之间,约占世界国民生产总值(GDP)的2%至5%,且以每年1000亿美元的数额不断增加。洗钱作为一种有着高额利润、犯罪手法复杂而又隐蔽的违法犯罪活动,已经成为国际社会的一大公害,它严重侵蚀着各国业已建立的经济基础。作为一种金融犯罪,洗钱活动对于经济的危害尤为严重。无论对于新兴市场国家来说,还是对于经济体系发展已经相当成熟的国家来说,反洗钱对于保障国家经济良性发展以及金融安全都具有着不可忽视的必要性。它可以有效预防对国家宏观政策决策机制及传导系统的干扰;维护一国货币汇率的正常变动;弱化一国的金融安全危机。
According to the statistics of the International Monetary Fund, the amount of illegal money laundering in the world ranges from 600 billion to 1.8 trillion U.S. dollars each year, accounting for 2% to 5% of the world’s gross domestic product (GDP), at an annual rate of 100 billion U.S. dollars increase. As a kind of criminal activities with high profits and complicated and concealed criminal practices, money laundering has become a public nuisance to the international community. It seriously erodes the economic foundations of all countries. As a financial crime, the money laundering activities are especially detrimental to the economy. For emerging market countries, or for those countries with mature economic systems, anti-money laundering is necessary to ensure the sound development of the country’s economy and ensure financial security. It can effectively prevent interference with decision-making mechanisms and transmission systems in the country’s macroeconomic policy; maintain the normal changes in the exchange rate of a country’s currency; and weaken the financial crisis in a country.