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1 如何说明氢原子能级“间距”的变化规律从图1所示的氢原子能级图,可以看到:氢原子能级的水平线随着取正整数的量子数(主量子数,也可称为能级序数)的增大顺次密集起来,即当电子在不同的定态“轨道”上绕原子核运转时,氢原子相邻能级的“间距”随着量子数的不断增大而逐渐减小,这个问题跟原子系统能量的量子化密切相关。然而,高中学生对此常常感到困惑,为了克服这个教学难点,帮助学生正确理解上述问题,教学中可以在氢原子能级公式的基础上,借助学生在数学中已掌握的极限
1 How to show the change law of the “pitch” of the hydrogen atom level From the hydrogen atom energy level diagram shown in Figure 1, we can see that the horizontal line of the hydrogen atom level follows the quantum number of the positive integer (the main quantum number, also called the energy The increase of the ordinal number is intensive, that is, when the electrons run around the atomic nucleus on different stationary “orbits”, the “pitch” of the adjacent energy levels of hydrogen atoms gradually decreases as the quantum number increases. This issue is closely related to the quantification of the energy of the atomic system. However, high school students often feel puzzled about this, in order to overcome this teaching difficulty and help students to correctly understand the above issues, teaching can be based on the hydrogen atom level formula based on the students have mastered the limit in mathematics