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目的:了解镇海区不同季节不同蔬菜中农药残留情况,为确保蔬菜食用安全提供监管依据。方法:通过对镇海区蔬菜生产基地和散户生产和镇海各菜场中销售的叶菜类、果菜类、茎菜类、根菜类、花菜类等的农药残留量按季节进行抽样,用气相色谱法对14种有机磷农药和6种拟除虫菊酯类农药进行检测。结果:抽查样本中农药残留量检出率为7.85%,残留量超标率为3.78%。其中蔬菜生产基地农药残留量检出率为3.27%,超标率为0.65%,显著低于散户和菜场中蔬菜的检出率(分别为8.20%和11.54%)和超标率(分别为4.92%和6.92%)。在20种检测的农药中,毒死蜱和氯氰菊酯的检出率明显高于其它农药。叶菜类的检出率为11.34%,超标率为8.24%,明显高于其他品种的蔬菜。从时间上看,农药残留并无明显的季节变化。结论:应采取有效措施,加强蔬菜的监督管理,从源头禁止高毒农药的使用,加大蔬菜种植、销售环节的监测,确保市民食用蔬菜的安全。
Objective: To understand the pesticide residues in different vegetables in different seasons in Zhenhai District, and to provide the regulatory basis for ensuring the food safety of vegetables. Methods: The pesticide residues in leafy vegetables, fruits and vegetables, stalks, root vegetables, cauliflower and so on in Zhenhai District were sampled on a season-by-season basis for vegetable production bases and retail production in Zhenhai and various vegetable farms in Zhenhai. Gas chromatography 14 organophosphorus pesticides and 6 pyrethroid pesticides were tested. Results: The sampling rate of pesticide residues in the sample was 7.85%, and the excess of residue was 3.78%. Among them, the detection rate of pesticide residue in vegetable production base was 3.27%, and the exceeding standard rate was 0.65%, which was significantly lower than the detection rate of vegetables (8.20% and 11.54%) and the exceeding standard rate (4.92% and 6.92%). Among the 20 pesticides tested, the detection rates of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin were significantly higher than those of other pesticides. The detection rate of leafy vegetables was 11.34%, exceeding the standard rate of 8.24%, significantly higher than other varieties of vegetables. From the time point of view, pesticide residues did not have obvious seasonal changes. Conclusion: Effective measures should be taken to strengthen supervision and management of vegetables, prohibit the use of highly toxic pesticides from the source, and increase the monitoring of planting and sales of vegetables so as to ensure the safety of vegetables consumed by the public.