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全球气候变暖引起雪冰(积雪/冰川)消融、冻土退化,融水径流量显著增加。不同融水径流分割方法可以量化河流径流的融水比例,反映高寒区雪冰变化及其对气候变暖的响应。评述了不同径流分割方法的原理及其优缺点,并着重介绍了同位素/化学径流分割的计算方法及示踪剂选择。对比分析各研究流域融水径流分割结果,详细讨论影响融水径流变化的主要因素。针对同位素径流分割方法的理想化假设,提出了量化不确定性的的拓展研究。最后,阐述了随着高频采样技术的完善,同位素径流分割研究的发展前景。
Global warming caused snow ice (snow cover / glacier) ablation, permafrost degradation and melt-water runoff increased significantly. Different methods of melt-flow segmentation can quantify the melt-flow ratio of river runoff and reflect the changes of snow-ice in the alpine region and its response to climate warming. The principle, advantages and disadvantages of different runoff segmentation methods are reviewed. The calculation methods of isotope / chemical runoff segmentation and tracer selection are also introduced. The results of watershed segmentation of runoff in each basin were compared and analyzed, and the main factors influencing the runoff variation in meltwater were discussed in detail. Aiming at the ideal assumption of isotope runoff segmentation method, an extension of quantitative uncertainty analysis is proposed. Finally, the development prospects of isotope runoff segmentation are described with the improvement of high frequency sampling techniques.