《数学课程标准》指出:推理能力的发展应贯穿于整个数学学习过程中。鉴于小学生的认知特点,在小学数学教材中大量地采用了类比迁移、数学猜想和枚举归纳等合情推理的方法,这些数学方法的渗透有助于学生创新意识的培养和创新能力的提高。合情类比推理是从具体的事实经验出发,通过观察、实验、联想等手段而进行的一种推理。这种推理的途径是从观察、实验入手,通过类比而产生联想,或通过归纳而作出猜想。教师要充分挖掘教材中的合情推理 Mathematical Curriculum Standard states: The development of reasoning ability should be run through the entire mathematics learning process. In view of the cognitive characteristics of primary school students, we have adopted a large number of methods such as analogy migration, mathematical conjecture and enumeration induction in primary school mathematics teaching materials. The infiltration of these mathematical methods helps students to cultivate their innovative consciousness and ability to innovate . Affirming analogical reasoning is a kind of reasoning that starts from the concrete factual experience through observation, experiment, association and other means. The reasoning of this approach is to start from the observation and experiment to produce associations through analogy, or through the induction to make conjectures. Teachers should fully exploit the reasonable reasoning in textbooks