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研究了性别因素对早产儿的脑灰质(GM)和白质(WM)量的影响。早产儿(n=65)与31位健康、足月生的对照儿童在8岁时均有磁共振成像(MRI)资料。与对照组相比,早产儿组的GM和WM都显著减低。然而仅男性早产儿的WM与男性足月儿相比显著降低(P= 0.021),而在女性组WM量二者相当。低出生体重在早产儿男童和女童都与WM减低有关,而脑室内出血(IVH)仅与GM的减低有关。在早产儿女童可观察到GM与认知结果呈正相关,但在男童未观察到。我们认为早产对脑发育有显著影响,使低GM和WM脑容量的风险增加,早产对WM发育的不良影响在男性表现为特别易感,而与男童相比,早产的女童在神经解剖参数与新生儿危险因子和认知结果二者表现出显著相关。这些发现表明早产新生儿的性别对大脑发育的过程具有一定影响。
The effect of gender on the amount of gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) in preterm infants was studied. Preterm infants (n = 65) and 31 healthy, full-term control children had MRI data at the age of 8 years. Compared with the control group, GM and WM were significantly reduced in preterm infants. However, WM alone was significantly lower in male preterm infants compared with men in full term infants (P = 0.021), while WM values in females were comparable. Low birth weight is associated with reduced WM in preterm infants, whereas intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is only associated with decreased GM. There was a positive correlation between GM and cognitive outcome in preterm infants, but not in boys. We consider that preterm birth has a significant effect on brain development and increases the risk of low GM and WM brain volumes. Adverse effects of preterm birth on WM development are particularly susceptible in men, whereas preterm birth in girls compared with boys in neuroanatomical parameters Significantly correlated with both neonatal risk factors and cognitive outcomes. These findings indicate that the gender of preterm newborns has some influence on the process of brain development.