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目的通过人群流行病学调查和市售乳制品反式脂肪酸含量测定,评估居民通过乳制品摄入反式脂肪酸的水平。方法整群选取齐齐哈尔市两个小区居民3100人进行调查,掌握人群的基本情况、健康状况、奶及奶制品摄入情况等;实验室检测市售的消毒奶、酸奶、奶粉3类乳制品,用7890B气相色谱仪检测反式脂肪酸;根据人群每日摄入乳制品数量及乳制品中反式脂肪酸的含量进行反式脂肪酸摄入水平评估。结果有效调查问卷3023人,其中摄入乳制品有2113人,女性1187人;摄入人群以青少年7~14岁、小学和大专及以上文化程度、家庭人均月收入2001~2005元为主;22.73%的居民知晓反式脂肪酸;调查人群主要食用消毒奶、酸奶;居民平均每人每天消毒奶、酸奶、奶粉摄入量分别为204.00、71.43、25.00 g;反式脂肪酸含量消毒奶、酸奶、奶粉分别为0.0277、0.0265、0.0437 g/100 g。居民平均每人每天通过消毒奶、酸奶、奶粉摄入反式脂肪酸量分别为0.0519、0.0206、0.0125 g。结论性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、家庭人均月收入均影响居民乳制品的摄入。居民每人每天通入乳制品摄入反式脂肪酸的水平较低、健康风险较弱。
Objective To assess the level of trans-fatty acid intake by residents through dairy products through epidemiological surveys of populations and determination of trans-fatty acid content in commercial dairy products. Methods The whole population was selected from 3,100 residents in two districts of Qiqihar to investigate the basic situation, health status, intake of milk and dairy products. Laboratory tests of three kinds of dairy products, including sterilized milk, yogurt and milk powder, Trans fatty acids were measured by a 7890B gas chromatograph; trans fatty acid intake was estimated based on the daily intake of dairy products and the trans fatty acid content of the dairy product. Results There were 3,023 valid questionnaires, of which 2113 were dairy products and 1,187 were female. The intake of young people was 7 ~ 14 years old, primary and junior college and above, and the average monthly household income was between 2001 and 2005. 22.73 % Of residents knew trans fatty acids. The survey population mainly consumed disinfectant milk and yogurt. The average daily intake of sterilized milk, yogurt and milk powder per inhabitant was 204.00, 71.43 and 25.00 g respectively. The trans fatty acid content of disinfectant milk, yogurt and milk powder 0.0277, 0.0265 and 0.0437 g / 100 g, respectively. The average daily intake of residents by disinfection of milk, yogurt, milk powder intake of trans fatty acids were 0.0519,0.0206,0.0125 g. Conclusions Gender, age, education level, occupation and monthly average household income all affect the intake of dairy products. Residents inhaled dairy products daily intake of low levels of trans fatty acids, health risks are weaker.