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RNA干扰(RNA interference,RNAi)是近几年发展起来的新技术,是外源和内源性双链RNA在生物体内诱导同源靶基因的mRNA特异性降解,因而抑制相应基因表达,导致转录后基因沉默的现象。尽管RNA干扰发现的时间较短,但由于其具有操作简单、成本低、特异性高和高效性等特点,因而发展迅速。小干扰RNA(small interfering RNA,siRNA)的可制备使RNAi在很多领域有了应用的前景,尤其是在复杂多变的肝脏疾病中。肝纤维化(hepatic fibrosis,HF)是多种慢性肝病发展的共同病理基础,RNAi技术在其基因治疗领域拥有广阔的前景。RNAi具有能够调节细胞增殖、抑制致病基因的表达、影响细胞的信号转导等方面的作用,可能成为肝纤维化有效的潜在治疗手段。
RNA interference (RNAi) is a new technology developed in recent years. It is the exogenous and endogenous double-stranded RNA that induces the mRNA-specific degradation of homologous target genes in vivo and thus inhibits the expression of the corresponding genes and leads to transcription Post-gene silencing phenomenon. Despite the short time of RNA interference discovery, it has been rapidly developed because of its simplicity, low cost, high specificity and high efficiency. The preparation of small interfering RNA (siRNA) has the prospect of RNAi in many fields, especially in the complex and variable liver disease. Hepatic fibrosis (HF) is a common pathological basis for the development of a variety of chronic liver diseases. RNAi technology has broad prospects in the field of gene therapy. RNAi has the ability to regulate cell proliferation, inhibit the expression of pathogenic genes, affect cell signaling and other aspects of the role of RNAi may be an effective potential treatment of liver fibrosis.