对３２例口腔粘膜原发恶性黑色素瘤进行临床病理学及免疫组织化学观察。结果显示：本组病例无明显性别差异，平均年龄４１．６岁，其中４０岁以上２３例（７１．９％）。病变发生上腭１３例（４０．６％），牙龈及牙槽粘膜１２例（３７．５％），其它部位少见。以黑色肿块为突出的临床表现，其次为区域淋巴结肿大与病变周围粘膜存在黑色斑块。镜下见，肿瘤细胞成分多样，组织结构复杂多变。肿瘤细胞几乎不同程度的表达Ｓ－１００蛋白和波形蛋白。多种抗体联用，对提高诊断的准确性有帮助。 Clinical pathological and immunohistochemical observations were performed on 32 cases of primary malignant melanoma of the oral mucosa. The results showed that there was no significant gender difference in this group of patients, the average age was 41.6 years, of which 23 cases (71.9%) were over 40 years old. The lesions occurred in 13 cases (40.6%) of the upper eyelid, 12 cases (37.5%) of the gingival and alveolar mucosa, and were rare in other parts. The prominent clinical manifestations were black masses, followed by regional lymphadenopathy and black plaques around the lesions. Seen under the microscope, the tumor cells are diverse in composition and complex in structure. Tumor cells express S-100 protein and vimentin to varying degrees. The combination of multiple antibodies can help improve the accuracy of the diagnosis.