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光谱法早期诊断癌症 美国科学家最近利用光谱分析法研究出早期诊断癌症的新技术,能在癌症刚露头时就发现癌变细胞核的变化。研究表明,85％的癌症最早都是在器官壁上皮细胞的基础上开始形成的,如果及早治疗,治愈率会很高。然而,现有技术很难在这一阶段就准确诊断出癌症,因为上皮细胞开始癌变后,其细胞核会发生变化。使用散射光谱分析技术,可以探测到癌变细胞核的特殊散射光谱。不过目前只有通过活组织切片分析才能发现这种特殊光谱。 美国麻省理工学院的科学家说,他们已研制出一种判断细胞是否发生癌变的新型光探针。这种探针借助内窥镜导入人体后,只需将探针头接触器官内壁,就能记录上皮细胞的散射光谱。这一过程不会对人体组织造成损伤。科学家说,这项技术成熟后可望用于对主身器官进行癌症早期诊断,从而大大增加患者生存的机会。
Spectroscopic Early Diagnosis of Cancer American scientists have recently used spectroscopic analysis to develop new techniques for the early diagnosis of cancer that can detect changes in cancerous nuclei as cancer emerges. Studies have shown that 85% of cancers are initially formed on the basis of organ wall epithelial cells, and if treated early, the cure rate will be high. However, it is difficult for the prior art to accurately diagnose cancer at this stage because the nucleus changes after the epithelial cells start to undergo canceration. Using scattering spectroscopy, special scattering spectra of cancerous nuclei can be detected. However, this special spectrum can only be found by biopsy analysis. Scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States say they have developed a new type of optical probe to determine if a cell has become cancerous. After the probe is introduced into the human body through the endoscope, the probe head can be contacted with the inner wall of the organ to record the scattering spectrum of the epithelial cells. This process will not cause damage to human tissue. Scientists say that when this technology matures, it is expected to be used for the early diagnosis of cancer in the main organs, which will greatly increase the chance of survival of patients.