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全球气候变暖不可避免地影响水稻的生产。本研究以粳稻品种超优1号为轮回亲本与9个来自不同国家的供体品种杂交培育的BC2F4回交导入群体为材料,通过开花期高温胁迫,共初筛到124个耐高温单株;以粳稻为供体的回交导入群体出现耐热个体的频率高于籼稻供体的导入群体,表明粳稻资源中同样存在耐热有利基因。经对初筛后代的耐热性重复鉴定和在正常条件下的性状评价,发现有80个株系的结实率显著高于轮回亲本,耐热性选择效率为64.5%,这些耐热导入系的产量及其相关性状在高温胁迫和正常条件下均出现广幅分离,从中鉴定出耐热性和产量性状均显著好于轮回亲本的8个优良导入系。在3个耐热导入系的聚合F2群体中,筛选出耐热个体的平均结实率在80%以上,极显著高于轮回亲本和最高聚合亲本,从中获得106株耐热性极显著好于聚合亲本的单株,显示出较理想的耐热性聚合效果。通过对耐热导入系和轮回亲本在正常和高温胁迫条件下的产量以及相关性状的表型比较分析,有助于提高对水稻耐热性状筛选中的供体选择、选择效率和筛选方法等一些重要问题的认识。本研究获得的高产耐热聚合系,将为水稻耐热有利基因发掘和耐热性标记辅助选择聚合育种提供宝贵材料。
Global warming inevitably affects rice production. In this study, BC2F4 backcrossing population of japonica rice cultivar “Chaoyou 1” as a recurrent parent and nine hybrids from different countries was used as material. Through high temperature stress during anthesis, 124 high temperature resistant plants were initially screened out. The frequency of heat-tolerant individuals in the backcross population with japonica rice as donor was higher than that of the indica rice donor population, indicating that the heat tolerance gene also existed in japonica rice. After repeated heat-tolerance identification and character evaluation under normal conditions, the seed setting rate of 80 lines was significantly higher than that of the recurrent parent, and the heat-resistant selection efficiency was 64.5% The yield and its related traits were separated broadly under high temperature stress and normal conditions, and 8 good transformants with significantly higher heat tolerance and yield traits than those of the recurrent parent were identified. Among the three F2 population of heat-tolerant introduction lines, the average seed-setting rate of heat-tolerant individuals was more than 80%, significantly higher than that of the recurrent parent and the highest parent, and the heat-tolerance of 106 strains obtained was significantly better than that of the polymerization The parent plant, showing the ideal heat-resistant polymerization effect. Through the analysis of the phenotypic comparison of yield and related traits between heat-resistant and recurrent parents under normal and high temperature stress conditions, it is helpful to improve the selection of donor, selection efficiency and screening methods in the screening of rice thermotolerant traits Knowledge of important issues. The high-yield thermostable polymerization system obtained in this study will provide valuable materials for heat-resistant gene discovery and thermo-labeling assisted selection polymerization breeding in rice.