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隧道埋深大、初始地应力高且岩体完整坚硬地质,极易发生岩爆。本文依托沪昆铁路控制性工程—雪峰山1号隧道,采取理论和数值计算相结合的方法,开展隧道岩爆预测和防治措施研究。结果表明:雪峰山1号隧道浅埋段无岩爆发生;埋深在400m以上,几乎均有岩爆发生,其预测弱等级岩爆发生率约占隧道总长的31%;结合雪峰山1号隧道实际情况,可采取掌子面喷水、短进尺开挖、弱爆破、超前钻孔,必要时挂网打锚杆并喷浆封堵等手段相结合以控制岩爆灾害。其结论可为类似地质条件下岩爆区段隧道施工及防治提供参考和借鉴。
The tunnel has a large buried depth, high initial stress and complete and hard rock mass, which is prone to rock burst. This article relies on the control project of Shanghai-Kunming Railway-Xuefengshan Tunnel No. 1, and adopts the method of combining theory and numerical calculation to carry out the research on the prediction and prevention and cure measures of rockburst. The results show that there is no rock burst occurred in the shallow section of Xuefengshan No.1 tunnel; rockburst almost occurs at the depth of more than 400m; the occurrence rate of weak rock burst is estimated to account for 31% of the total tunnel length; The actual situation of the tunnel can be combined with means such as face water sprinkling, short-cut footage excavation, weak blasting, advanced drilling, if necessary, netting bolting and shotcrete sealing to control rock burst. The conclusion can provide reference and reference for tunnel construction and prevention in rock burst section under similar geological conditions.