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为了能定量评估弱光持续时间对番茄和青菜产量影响的程度,本文根据番茄和青菜遮阳试验观测资料,经分析得到以下主要结果。(1)番茄:遮阳18天后开花数明显减少,比对照少23.4%;遮阳12天起结果数明显减少,比对照少4.8个/株,减幅51.6%;遮阳最终果实数为10.0只/株,较对照少4.6只/株,减幅68.5%;遮阳果实重2.1kg/株,为对照的58.3%,遮阳对单果重的影响较小;遮阳采收开始时间比对照晚13天。(2)青菜:遮阳对单株鲜重和叶面积影响最显著;遮阳后株型变小、鲜重变轻、叶面积变小;遮阳6天产量较对照下降14.5%,遮阳9天、14天和20天的小区产量依次为17.3kg、14.3kg和11.9kg,分别比对照下降26.1%、37.2%和49.2%;青菜的鲜重、叶面积的增长方式因遮阳时间长度不同而变化,随着遮阳天数增加,鲜重和叶面积增长方式由线性转变为抛物线形式。结果为评估连阴雨对番茄和青菜产量的损失提供技术依据。
In order to quantitatively evaluate the extent of the effect of weak light duration on the yield of tomato and greens, the following main results were obtained from the observation data of shade test of tomato and greens. (1) Tomato: After shading 18 days, the number of flowering decreased significantly, which was 23.4% less than that of the control; the number of fruits from 12 days after shading decreased significantly, 4.8 less than the control, a decrease of 51.6%; the final number of shading was 10.0 4.6 fewer plants per plant, a decrease of 68.5%; shading fruit weight 2.1 kg / plant, 58.3% of the control, shading less impact on the weight of single fruit; shade recovery began 13 days later than the control. (2) Green vegetables: shading had the most significant impact on the fresh weight per plant and leaf area; after shading, the plant size became smaller and the fresh weight became lighter and the leaf area became smaller; the yield of shading decreased by 14.5% The daily and 20-day plot yields were 17.3kg, 14.3kg and 11.9kg, which decreased by 26.1%, 37.2% and 49.2% respectively compared with the control. The growth pattern of fresh weight and leaf area of cabbage changed with the length of shading period, Increasing the number of shading days, fresh weight and leaf area growth from linear to parabolic form. The results provide a technical basis for assessing the yield loss of tomato and greengrocery in rainy days.