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通过对2个密度的大豆群体在开花初期进行光富集处理,研究了大豆不同粒位籽粒的粒重及其空间分布特征。结果表明:大豆籽粒的单粒重呈现明显的粒位效应。在多粒荚内,基粒的粒重最小。2、3和4粒荚的第2粒位籽粒的粒重比基粒分别高10.6%、14.8%和17.3%。光富集和高密度增加基粒粒重的幅度高于其它粒位的籽粒,增幅为17.7%~27.9%,但并未改变其原有的粒位粒重特征。大豆的不同粒位粒重在主茎上呈明显的“纺锤形”分布,下部节位上的籽粒单粒重略小,而中部节位上的籽粒单粒重较大。多粒荚内不同粒位的粒重空间分布曲线的变异程度小,1粒荚内的籽粒大小受光照和密度影响最大。高密度条件下,上部节位的不同粒位籽粒对光照更加敏感。不同粒位的籽粒大小与灌浆顺序并无直接关系,受荚内同化产物均衡分配机制的调节,粒位数的增加减小了单个籽粒的增重程度。
The grain weight and spatial distribution characteristics of soybean at different grain positions were studied by light enrichment of two density soybean populations at the early flowering stage. The results showed that the single grain weight of soybean showed a significant grain-filling effect. Within multi-pods, the grain weight is the smallest. The grain weights of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th grain pods in the 2, 3 and 4 pods were 10.6%, 14.8% and 17.3% higher than the basal grains, respectively. Light enrichment and high density increased grain weight more than other grain size grains, an increase of 17.7% -27.9%, but did not change its original grain weight characteristics. The grain weight of different grain positions of soybean showed obvious “spindle-shaped” distribution on the main stem, the grain weight of single grain on the lower node was slightly smaller, and the grain weight on the middle node was larger. The variability of the spatial distribution curve of grain weight in different grain positions in the multi-pod was small, and the grain size in one pod was the most affected by light and density. Under high-density conditions, grains at different grain positions in the upper node were more sensitive to light. The grain size of different grain positions was not directly related to the order of grain filling, and was regulated by the balanced allocation mechanism of assimilation products within pods. The increase of grain number reduced the weight gain of single grain.