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针对青藏高原土壤砾石含量较高的特点,对陆面过程模式CLM4.0土壤结构进行改进,发展了较适合青藏高原土壤特性的土壤参数化方案,在青藏高原那曲(BJ)站进行了应用,通过模拟结果和观测资料的对比,客观评估了新方案的模拟性能。结果表明:砾石含量越高的土壤,其导水率越大。土壤含水量较大时,土壤水势随砾石含量增高而变小;反之,土壤含水量较小时,土壤水势随砾石含量增高而变大。考虑了砾石对土壤水热过程影响后的新方案对土壤含水量和温度的模拟均有一定的改进,其中新方案较原方案对模拟的各层土壤含水量的平均均方根误差降低了32.7%;模拟的各层土壤温度平均均方根误差降低了24.6%。
In view of the high content of gravel in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the soil structure of the land surface process model CLM4.0 was improved and the soil parameterization scheme suitable for the soil characteristics of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was developed. It was applied in Naqu Station of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, By comparing the simulation results with the observed data, the simulation performance of the new scheme is objectively evaluated. The results show that: the higher the content of gravel soil, the greater the hydraulic conductivity. When the soil moisture content is larger, the soil water potential decreases with the increase of the gravel content. On the contrary, when the soil moisture content is small, the soil water potential increases with the increase of the gravel content. The new scheme considering the effect of gravel on the soil hydrothermal process has some improvement on the simulation of soil moisture content and temperature. The new scheme reduces the mean root mean square error of the soil moisture content of the simulated layers by 32.7 compared with the original scheme %. The average root mean square error of simulated soil temperature decreased by 24.6%.