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在人类历史上,古代中国(主要指黄河中下游地区)曾是世界上冶铁技术文明最为发达的地区之一。新中国成立后的半个多世纪以来的考古发现,为古代金属文明特别是铁金属文明的研究提供了大量宝贵的实证资料。从科技史的角度来看,金属文明首先应是一种以冶金技术文物为重要物质基础和文化特征的技术文明。因此,有关铁的采、冶、铸、锻的设施和工具等遗迹、遗物显然亦应是一种重要的技术文物。在以往相关研究的基础上,进一步强化对冶金技术文物特别是对古代铁矿的开采和铁器锻造工具的调查、发掘和研究,应是今后古代中国金属文明研究中值得注意的课题之一。
In the history of mankind, ancient China (mainly the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River) was once one of the most developed areas in the world for the development of iron smelting technology. Archeological discoveries since the founding of New China more than half a century have provided a great deal of valuable empirical data for the study of ancient metal civilization, especially ferrous metal civilization. From the perspective of history of science and technology, metal civilization should first of all be a kind of technological civilization with metallurgical technology as the important material base and cultural characteristics. Therefore, relics and relics related to iron mining, metallurgy, casting and forging facilities and tools should obviously also be an important technical artifact. On the basis of previous studies, it is one of the most important topics in the study of ancient Chinese metal civilization in the future to further strengthen the investigation, exploration and research of the metallurgical and technical artifacts, especially the exploitation of ancient iron mines and iron forging tools.