论文部分内容阅读
恩格斯对“现实主义”有过一个说法,即“除了细节的真实外,就是再现典型环境中的典型人物”。后来,这成为20世纪中国现实主义艺术理论的权威“话语”,尤其是后半句的“典型”论,几乎让所有人都忽略了“细节的真实”这一前提。甚而认为,所谓“细节的真实”指的只是事物外部的现象,那都是些偶然的非本质的表象,只有抓住“具有普遍意义”的事物特征,通过概括、提炼等典型化的处理,才能深入其内部,发现必然的规律,探得本质,表现对象的“真”。其实,典型化处理后的结果,往往是“虚假性”的表象,并不一定都是“真”,
Engels once said of “realism” that “in addition to the truth of the details, it is the typical figure in a typical environment.” Later, it became the authoritative “discourse” of the Chinese realistic art theory of the 20th century, especially the “canonical” theory of the latter half, leaving almost everyone ignoring the premise of “the truth of the details.” Even the so-called “truth of the details” refers to the phenomena outside things only, which are occasional non-essential appearances. Only by grasping the characteristics of things of “universal significance”, through the typical treatment such as generalization and refinement, Can we go deep into the interior, discover the inevitable laws, explore the essence and show the “truth” of the object. In fact, the results after the typical treatment are often “false” appearances and are not always true.