封事,即秘密章奏,是汉代朝臣上呈给皇帝的一种特殊的上行官文书,在汉代的文献中,它有多种称法,如密奏、密疏等。汉代朝臣上封事有如下特点:汉代臣民上封事是十分普遍的;西汉时并没有对臣民上封事的资格给予限定,而到了东汉时开始对臣民的上封事资格进行了规定;汉代臣民上封事的时机还与天象等偶然性因素相联系;汉代臣民上封事的保密性不强。这些特点是与汉代政治的发展相联系的。 The seal, or secret seal, is a special upper body document presented to the emperor by courtiers in the Han Dynasty. In the Han Dynasty’s literature, it had many kinds of names, such as secret ensemble and dense secret. Han dynasty courtiers have the following characteristics: the Han dynasty subjects are very common; in the Western Han Dynasty, there was no restriction on the eligibility of the subjects in the Western Han Dynasty, The subject matter of the subjects is also linked with chance factors such as the astronomical phenomena; the confidentiality of the letters of the subjects of the Han Dynasty is not strong. These characteristics are linked with the development of politics in the Han Dynasty.