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为了了解小浪底水库调水调沙对黄河壶口至三门峡段鱼类群落结构的影响,于2011年调水调沙实验前后对壶口至三门峡段鱼类资源进行了调查。结果表明:调水调沙前鱼类种类组成为26种,调水调沙后为35种;调水调沙后,三门峡库区种类组成及渔获物均下降,主要以餐条等小型鱼类为主,壶口至潼关段鱼类种类及渔获物均有增加,但主要以小型鱼类为主;成鱼资源量显著减少;对比调水调沙前、后多样性指数分析表明,三门峡水库变化较明显;并对如何保护黄河中游鱼类资源提出了一些建议。
In order to understand the influence of water and sediment regulation of Xiaolangdi Reservoir on the fish community structure from Hukou to Sanmenxia of the Yellow River, the fish resources in Hukou-Sanmenxia section were investigated before and after the water and sediment regulation experiment in 2011. The results showed that: before water and sediment adjustment, the species composition was 26 species and 35 species after water and sediment regulation. After the water and sediment adjustment, the species composition and catch of Sanmenxia reservoir area decreased, mainly including small fish The main types of fish and catch were from Hukou to Tongguan section, but the main ones were small-sized fish; the amount of adult fish resources was significantly reduced; before and after water-and-sediment adjustment, the diversity index analysis showed that, Sanmenxia reservoir changes more obvious; and how to protect the fish resources in the middle reaches of the Yellow River put forward some suggestions.