一、引 言 我们曾应用有限元方法计算台湾以东海域黑潮的流速分布.由于问题是三维的,又是四个未知量(u,v,w,p),当计算较大的海域时,应用有限元方法得到最终的大型稀疏方程组的阶数甚高,相应矩阵的带宽较大,方程组又是非对称的,因此求解这样的方程组必须在容量较大、速度较快的大型电子计算机上进行.有没有别的方法避免这个困难呢?这就是本文问题的由来. I. INTRODUCTION We have used the finite element method to calculate the velocity distribution of Kuroshio in the east of Taiwan. Since the problem is three-dimensional and there are four unknowns (u, v, w, p) Finite element method is applied to get the final order of large sparse equations with high order, large bandwidth of corresponding matrix and asymmetric equations. Therefore, solving such equations must be performed on a large-capacity and fast large-scale computer Is there any other way to avoid this difficulty? This is the origin of the problem.