以硝酸银为银源,六亚甲基四胺为还原剂,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为表面活性剂和稳定剂,在微波辐射下制备出平均粒径约30nm的纳米银颗粒。利用X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜对样品的晶体结构和形貌进行表征;用红外吸收光谱对样品结构组成进行定性分析;用紫外-可见分光光度法研究样品的光学性能。结果表明:该法简单、快捷,所制备的纳米银粒子为纯立方晶型的多晶,其粒径小,分布窄,分散性好。 Silver nitrate as a silver source, hexamethylenetetramine as a reducing agent, polyvinylpyrrolidone as a surfactant and a stabilizer, under microwave irradiation to prepare an average particle size of about 30nm nano silver particles. The crystal structure and morphology of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The structure of the samples was characterized by infrared absorption spectroscopy. The optical properties of the samples were characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometry. The results show that the method is simple and fast. The prepared silver nanoparticles are pure cubic polycrystals with small size, narrow distribution and good dispersibility.