细菌感染,尤其是上呼吸道感染,并发急性甲状腺炎较为少见。尽管非脓性急性甲状腺炎已有报道,但急性甲状腺炎抽吸细胞学检查常呈脓性表现。亚急性甲状腺炎通常由病毒引起,其发病机理很少为免疫改变或特发性。该病可表现为甲状腺机能亢进。在桥本(Hashimoto)病,血清可有抗体,患者表现为甲状腺机能减退。上呼吸道慢性细菌感染的病原菌可以起抗原作用,生成抗体并导致全身性疾病。本文作者 Bacterial infections, especially upper respiratory tract infections, are more common in acute thyroiditis. Although non-purulent acute thyroiditis has been reported, but often acute suppurative thyroiditis cytology showed purulent performance. Subacute thyroiditis is usually caused by a virus and its pathogenesis is seldom immune or idiopathic. The disease can be manifested as hyperthyroidism. In Hashimoto’s disease, serum can have antibodies, and patients show hypothyroidism. Chronic bacterial infections of upper respiratory tract pathogens can act as antigens, generating antibodies and causing generalized disease. The author of this article