目的分析东莞市2006～2010年疟疾流行状况,为制定消除疟疾的策略提供参考。方法用描述性流行病学方法对2006～2010年东莞市疟疾流行病学及监测资料进行分析。结果 2006～2010年东莞市共报告疟疾病例79例,其中新发46例,占58.23%,复发33例,占41.77%。当地感染4例,占5.06%,外地感染75例,占94.94%。在全部病例中,以未分型为主。全市共血检发热病人38 742人次,检出疟原虫阳性者33例,阳性率为0.09%,受疟疾威胁的人口主要是流动人口。媒介监测结果显示近几年东莞市成蚊以库蚊为主,未发现按蚊。结论采用加强流动人口的疟疾管理、改变生态环境及提高各级专业人员的疟疾防制技能等综合防治措施和策略,可以阻断疟疾的传播。 Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of malaria in Dongguan City from 2006 to 2010 and provide references for formulating strategies to eliminate malaria. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze malaria epidemiology and surveillance data in Dongguan from 2006 to 2010. Results A total of 79 malaria cases were reported in Dongguan from 2006 to 2010, including 46 new cases (58.23%) and 33 recurrent cases (41.77%). Local infection in 4 cases, accounting for 5.06%, 75 cases of foreign infection, accounting for 94.94%. In all cases, undifferentiated mainly. The city’s blood total of 38 742 blood tests, 33 cases were positive for Plasmodium, the positive rate was 0.09%, the population threatened by malaria is mainly floating population. Media monitoring results show that in recent years, Dongguan City, adult mosquitoes mainly Culex, did not find anopheles. Conclusion Integrated prevention and control measures and strategies such as strengthening malaria management of floating population, changing ecological environment and improving malaria control skills of professionals at all levels can block the spread of malaria.