论文部分内容阅读
目的了解上海市嘉定区幼托机构及周边小区环境蚊虫侵害水平,为科学防治提供依据。方法随机选取嘉定区的13所托幼机构和周边13个居民小区作为调查对象,采取孳生地调查和灯诱法成蚊监测相结合的方法,分别于5—12月对学校和周边居民小区蚊虫侵害状况进行调查。结果幼托机构成蚊数为0.59只/(灯·h)。蚊种构成:淡色库蚊占92.10%,三带喙库蚊占7.36%,中华按蚊占0.54%。幼托机构孳生地阳性率为2.29%,幼虫密度平均为1.60只/勺。轮胎孳生地阳性率与其他类型比较,轮胎积水阳性率高(χ~2=5.51,P=0.02)。小型容器积水白纹伊蚊阳性率高于大中型积水(χ~2=10.13,P=0.001)。大中型积水淡色库蚊阳性率高于其他类型积水(χ~2=6.38,P=0.01)。7—8月暑假期间与9—10月开学后蚊虫阳性率比较,7—8月阳性率更高(χ~2=5.83,P=0.02)。周边居民小区蚊虫孳生地阳性率为3.92%,平均密度为3.03只/勺,其中总阳性率以闲置罐最高,其次为缸。幼虫以垃圾积水密度最高。幼托机构与周边居民小区蚊虫总体阳性率比较,周边居民小区阳性率更高(χ~2=6.29,P=0.01)。结论幼托机构上课期间室内存在成蚊侵害,幼儿园内的蚊虫以白纹伊蚊为主,暑期7—8月蚊密度最高。周边居民小区蚊虫阳性率高于幼儿园。
Objective To understand the level of environmental mosquito infestation in the kindergartens and surrounding communities in Jiading District, Shanghai, and to provide basis for scientific prevention and treatment. Methods Thirteen children care institutions and 13 surrounding residential areas in Jiading District were selected randomly as the investigation objects. By means of the combination of breeding ground investigation and light-induced mosquito monitoring, mosquitoes were collected in schools and surrounding residential areas from May to December Investigate violations. Results The number of mosquitoes in the kindergarten was 0.59 / (lamp · h). Mosquito species composition: 92.10% Culex pipiens pallens, 7.36% Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Anopheles sinensis accounted for 0.54%. The positive rate of kindergarten breeding places was 2.29%, and the average larval density was 1.60 / spoon. The positive rates of tire breeding were higher than those of other types (χ ~ 2 = 5.51, P = 0.02). The positive rate of Aedes albopictus in small container was higher than that of large and medium (χ ~ 2 = 10.13, P = 0.001). The positive rates of Culex pipiens pallens from large and medium were higher than those from other types of water (χ ~ 2 = 6.38, P = 0.01). The positive rate of mosquitoes in July-August during the summer vacation was significantly higher than that in September-October (χ ~ 2 = 5.83, P = 0.02). Surrounding residential area mosquito breeding ground positive rate was 3.92%, the average density of 3.03 / spoon, of which the total positive rate of idle tank highest, followed by the cylinder. Larvae to trash the highest density of water. The overall positive rate of mosquitoes in the nurseries and surrounding communities was higher than that in the surrounding communities (χ ~ 2 = 6.29, P = 0.01). Conclusion The mosquito in kindergarten was mainly mosquito albopictus, and mosquito density was the highest in summer from July to August. Surrounding residential mosquito positive rate higher than kindergarten.