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为揭示马占相思种子园结荚率低的原因,开展了马占相思花部器官及花粉结构的观察、访花昆虫及中华蜜蜂的SEM观察、控制授粉等研究.结果表明:马占相思表现为雌蕊先熟,雄蕊平均长度为(4.04±0.35)mm,雌蕊平均长度为(4.53±0.38)mm,雌蕊比雄蕊稍长,不利于接受花粉;马占相思成熟的花粉为16合复合花粉粒,由16粒单花粉结合而成,中间为上下2层,每层各4粒,周围8粒,不利于风媒传粉;马占相思的访花昆虫主要为中华蜜蜂,其采集的花粉几乎100%为单株花粉,不利于异交授粉;马占相思的自交不亲和指数小于0.002,为高度自交不亲和性.马占相思雌蕊先熟,雌蕊比雄蕊稍长,成熟花粉粒结构特点,访花昆虫的作用及自交不亲和等特性,是造成马占相思种子园结荚率低的主要原因.
In order to reveal the reasons for the low pod rate of Acacia mangium seed orchard, we carried out the observation of the organs and pollen structure of the flower buds of Acacia mangium, the SEM observation of the pollinators and the Chinese honey bees and the research on pollination control. The results showed that: The average length of stamen was (4.04 ± 0.35) mm and the average length of pistil was (4.53 ± 0.38) mm. The pistil was slightly longer than the stamen, which was not conducive to pollen. The mature pollen of Acacia mangium was 16-composite pollen , The combination of 16 single pollen, the middle of the upper and lower 2 layers, each layer of 4, surrounded by 8, is not conducive to the wind powder pollination; Acacia flowers mainly insects visit the Chinese bees, its pollen collected almost 100 % For the single pollen, is not conducive to cross-pollination; Acacia indica self-incompatibility index is less than 0.002, is highly self-incompatibility. Acacia marijuana first cooked, pistil slightly longer than the stamens, mature pollen grains Structural characteristics, the role of visiting insects and self-incompatibility and other characteristics, is caused by Acacia mangium seed orchard pod rate is low.